.astro-route-announcer{clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);white-space:nowrap;width:1px;height:1px;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;overflow:hidden}@font-face{font-family:Lato;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:300;src:url(/Alex/_astro/lato-latin-300-normal.BP2wSCML.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/Alex/_astro/lato-latin-300-normal.CINZtfFB.woff)format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:Lato;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/Alex/_astro/lato-latin-400-normal.BEhtfm5r.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/Alex/_astro/lato-latin-400-normal.B11PyLys.woff)format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:Lato;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:700;src:url(/Alex/_astro/lato-latin-700-normal.BUGMgin4.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/Alex/_astro/lato-latin-700-normal.DAdL7O4w.woff)format("woff")}@layer theme{:root,:host{--font-sans:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", "Noto Sans", Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji";--font-mono:ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace;--default-font-family:var(--font-sans);--default-mono-font-family:var(--font-mono)}}@layer base{*,:after,:before,::backdrop{box-sizing:border-box;border:0 solid;margin:0;padding:0}::file-selector-button{box-sizing:border-box;border:0 solid;margin:0;padding:0}html,:host{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;tab-size:4;line-height:1.5;font-family:var(--default-font-family,-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", "Noto Sans", Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji");font-feature-settings:var(--default-font-feature-settings,normal);font-variation-settings:var(--default-font-variation-settings,normal);-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}hr{height:0;color:inherit;border-top-width:1px}abbr:where([title]){text-decoration:underline dotted}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit}a{color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit}b,strong{font-weight:bolder}code,kbd,samp,pre{font-family:var(--default-mono-font-family,ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace);font-feature-settings:var(--default-mono-font-feature-settings,normal);font-variation-settings:var(--default-mono-font-variation-settings,normal);font-size:1em}small{font-size:80%}sub,sup{vertical-align:baseline;font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative}sub{bottom:-.25em}sup{top:-.5em}table{text-indent:0;border-color:inherit;border-collapse:collapse}:-moz-focusring:where(:not(iframe)){outline:auto}progress{vertical-align:baseline}summary{display:list-item}ol,ul,menu{list-style:none}img,svg,video,canvas,audio,iframe,embed,object{vertical-align:middle;display:block}img,video{max-width:100%;height:auto}button,input,select,optgroup,textarea{font:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;font-variation-settings:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;color:inherit;opacity:1;background-color:#0000;border-radius:0}::file-selector-button{font:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;font-variation-settings:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;color:inherit;opacity:1;background-color:#0000;border-radius:0}:where(select:is([multiple],[size])) optgroup{font-weight:bolder}:where(select:is([multiple],[size])) optgroup option{padding-inline-start:20px}::file-selector-button{margin-inline-end:4px}::placeholder{opacity:1}@supports (not ((-webkit-appearance:-apple-pay-button))) or (contain-intrinsic-size:1px){::placeholder{color:currentColor}@supports (color:color-mix(in lab, red, red)){::placeholder{color:color-mix(in oklab, currentcolor 50%, transparent)}}}textarea{resize:vertical}::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-date-and-time-value{min-height:1lh;text-align:inherit}::-webkit-datetime-edit{display:inline-flex}::-webkit-datetime-edit-fields-wrapper{padding:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-year-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-month-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-day-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-hour-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-minute-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-second-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-millisecond-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-meridiem-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-calendar-picker-indicator{line-height:1}:-moz-ui-invalid{box-shadow:none}button,input:where([type=button],[type=reset],[type=submit]){appearance:button}::file-selector-button{appearance:button}::-webkit-inner-spin-button{height:auto}::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}[hidden]:where(:not([hidden=until-found])){display:none!important}}@layer components;@layer utilities{.contents{display:contents}}:root{color-scheme:light;--paper:#fff;--ink:#000;--ink-soft:#555;--interactive:#000;--warm:#000;--sage:#000;--line:#dedede;--surface:#f7f7f7;--surface-strong:#ededed;--shadow:#0000001f;--font-display:Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;--font-body:"Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;--font-mono:"SFMono-Regular", Consolas, "Liberation Mono", monospace;--page-width:1160px;--page-padding:32px}.dark{color-scheme:dark;--paper:#000;--ink:#fff;--ink-soft:#b5b5b5;--interactive:#fff;--warm:#fff;--sage:#fff;--line:#2e2e2e;--surface:#0b0b0b;--surface-strong:#171717;--shadow:#00000047}.home-page{--font-display:"Lato", Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;--font-body:"Lato", Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;--font-mono:"Lato", Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif}*{box-sizing:border-box;border-color:var(--line);letter-spacing:0}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;background:var(--paper)}body{background:var(--paper);min-width:320px;color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--font-body);-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;text-rendering:optimizelegibility;margin:0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.6;overflow-x:hidden}body,a,button{transition:color .18s,background-color .18s,border-color .18s}img{max-width:100%;display:block}button,summary{font:inherit}button,summary,a{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}h1,h2,h3,p{margin-top:0}h1,h2,h3{overflow-wrap:anywhere;font-family:var(--font-display);font-weight:500;line-height:1.08}::selection{background:var(--interactive);color:var(--paper)}:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--interactive);outline-offset:3px}.page-shell{width:min(100% - (var(--page-padding) * 2), var(--page-width));margin-inline:auto}.skip-link{z-index:100;background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);font-family:var(--font-mono);padding:8px 12px;font-size:12px;position:fixed;top:10px;left:10px;transform:translateY(-150%)}.skip-link:focus{transform:translateY(0)}.eyebrow,.section-index,.publication-meta,.publication-authors,.note-entry time,.note-index,.cv-entry>span,.back-link,.footer-note{font-family:var(--font-mono)}.eyebrow{color:var(--ink);text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:18px;font-size:12px;line-height:1.4;display:block}.text-link{color:var(--ink-soft);font-family:var(--font-mono);text-underline-offset:4px;align-items:center;font-size:12px;line-height:1.4;text-decoration:underline 1px #0000;display:inline-flex}.text-link:hover{color:var(--interactive);text-decoration-color:currentColor}.primary-link{border:1px solid var(--ink);background:var(--ink);min-height:42px;color:var(--paper);border-radius:4px;justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:8px 14px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.2;display:inline-flex}.primary-link:hover{border-color:var(--interactive);background:var(--interactive);color:var(--paper)}.icon-button{cursor:pointer;border:1px solid var(--line);width:38px;height:38px;color:var(--ink-soft);background:0 0;border-radius:50%;flex:0 0 38px;justify-content:center;align-items:center;display:inline-flex}.icon-button:hover{border-color:var(--interactive);color:var(--interactive)}.theme-icon-dark,.dark .theme-icon-light{display:none}.dark .theme-icon-dark{display:block}.site-header{--header-background:#000;--header-ink:#fff;--header-soft:#d4d4d4;--header-line:#5a5a5a;z-index:50;border-bottom:1px solid var(--header-background);background:var(--header-background);color:var(--header-ink);position:sticky;top:0}.dark .site-header{--header-background:#fff;--header-ink:#000;--header-soft:#333;--header-line:#a5a5a5}.header-inner{width:min(100% - (var(--page-padding) * 2), var(--page-width));justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:16px;height:45px;margin-inline:auto;display:flex}.wordmark{align-items:center;min-width:0;display:inline-flex}.wordmark-name{color:var(--header-ink);text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;font-family:Lato,Verdana,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:22.4px;font-weight:600;line-height:45px;overflow:hidden}.header-actions,.desktop-nav{align-items:center;display:flex}.header-actions{gap:12px}.desktop-nav{gap:26px;margin-right:12px}.nav-link,.cv-link{font-family:Lato,Verdana,Helvetica,sans-serif}.nav-link{color:var(--header-soft);font-size:19.2px;font-weight:400;line-height:45px;position:relative}.nav-link:after{background:var(--header-ink);content:"";height:1px;transition:transform .18s;position:absolute;bottom:4px;left:0;right:0;transform:scaleX(0)}.nav-link:hover,.nav-link.active{color:var(--header-ink)}.nav-link.active:after{transform:scaleX(1)}.cv-link{border-left:1px solid var(--header-line);height:38px;color:var(--header-soft);align-items:center;gap:7px;padding-left:22px;font-size:16px;display:inline-flex}.cv-link:hover{color:var(--header-ink)}.site-header .icon-button{border-color:var(--header-line);color:var(--header-soft)}.site-header .icon-button:hover{border-color:var(--header-ink);color:var(--header-ink)}.mobile-menu{display:none;position:relative}.mobile-menu summary{list-style:none}.mobile-menu summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.mobile-nav{border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--paper);width:210px;box-shadow:0 18px 48px var(--shadow);border-radius:5px;flex-direction:column;padding:8px;display:flex;position:absolute;top:50px;right:0}.mobile-nav-link{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--ink-soft);padding:12px 10px;font-family:Lato,Verdana,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:16px}.mobile-nav-link:last-child{border-bottom:0}.mobile-nav-link.active,.mobile-nav-link:hover{color:var(--interactive)}.home-profile-inner{grid-template-columns:255px minmax(0,1fr);align-items:start;gap:80px;max-width:820px;padding-top:76px;display:grid}.home-profile-portrait{margin:0}.home-profile-portrait img{aspect-ratio:1;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 38%;border-radius:50%;width:100%}.home-profile-name{align-items:baseline;gap:14px;margin-bottom:16px;display:flex}.home-profile-name h1{margin-bottom:0;font-size:40px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.5}.home-profile-alias{color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:16px}.home-profile-role{color:var(--ink-soft);margin-bottom:18px;font-size:18px;line-height:1.5}.home-profile-emails{justify-items:start;gap:2px;margin-bottom:10px;display:grid}.home-profile-email{color:var(--ink);font-size:14px;font-style:italic;line-height:1.5}.home-profile-social{align-items:center;gap:8px;margin-bottom:0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.5;display:flex}.home-profile-social a{align-items:center;gap:5px;display:inline-flex}.brand-icon{width:17px;height:17px;-webkit-mask-image:var(--brand-icon-url);-webkit-mask-image:var(--brand-icon-url);-webkit-mask-image:var(--brand-icon-url);mask-image:var(--brand-icon-url);background:currentColor;flex:0 0 17px;mask-position:50%;mask-size:contain;mask-repeat:no-repeat}.home-profile-social span{color:var(--ink-soft)}.home-profile-email,.home-profile-social a,.home-about-copy a,.home-publication-link,.publication-card-link{border-bottom:1px solid}.home-profile-email:hover,.home-profile-social a:hover,.home-about-copy a:hover,.home-publication-link:hover,.publication-card-link:hover{opacity:.58}.home-about-section{padding-top:90px}.home-reading-column{max-width:1015px}.home-about-copy{max-width:none}.home-section-title{color:var(--ink);margin-bottom:8px;font-size:32px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.2}.home-about-copy p{color:var(--ink-soft);margin-bottom:16px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.5}.home-about-copy p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.home-selected-section{padding-top:72px;padding-bottom:104px}.home-selected-list{gap:34px;margin-top:32px;display:grid}.home-publication-row{grid-template-columns:230px minmax(0,1fr);align-items:start;gap:30px;display:grid}.home-publication-image{aspect-ratio:3/2;background:#fff;display:block;overflow:hidden}.home-publication-image img{object-fit:cover;width:100%;height:100%}.home-publication-image img.image-contain,.publication-image img.image-contain{object-fit:contain}.home-publication-copy h3{margin-bottom:2px;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.5}.home-publication-meta,.home-publication-authors{color:var(--ink-soft);margin-bottom:0;font-size:16px;font-weight:300;line-height:1.5}.home-publication-authors strong{color:var(--ink);font-weight:700}.home-publication-link{font-size:16px;line-height:1.5;display:inline-block}.home-publication-links{align-items:center;gap:8px;margin-top:2px;display:flex}.home-publication-links>span{color:var(--ink-soft)}.section-header{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:20px;margin-bottom:38px;display:flex}.section-heading-group{align-items:baseline;gap:18px;display:flex}.section-index{color:var(--ink);font-size:11px}.section-header h2{margin:0;font-size:30px}.publications-page-section{padding:98px 0 110px}.publications-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:72px 34px;display:grid}.publication-card{min-width:0}.publication-image-block{margin-bottom:18px;display:block}.publication-image{aspect-ratio:3/2;background:#fff;display:block;overflow:hidden}.publication-image img{object-fit:cover;width:100%;height:100%;transition:filter .18s}.publication-meta{color:var(--warm);justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:16px;margin-bottom:12px;font-size:10px;display:flex}.publication-meta span:last-child{color:var(--ink-soft)}.publication-card h3{margin-bottom:9px;font-size:25px;line-height:1.18}.publication-authors{color:var(--ink-soft);margin-bottom:18px;font-size:11px;line-height:1.55}.publication-authors strong{color:var(--ink);font-weight:600}.publication-summary{max-width:510px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin-bottom:24px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.7}.publication-card-links{align-items:center;gap:8px;margin:-10px 0 18px;font-size:12px;display:flex}.publication-card-links>span{color:var(--ink-soft)}.publication-footer{border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);min-height:44px;color:var(--ink-soft);font-family:var(--font-mono);justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;gap:16px;font-size:10px;display:flex}.page-intro{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:100px 0 78px}.page-intro h1{max-width:900px;margin-bottom:28px;font-size:62px}.page-intro h1:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.page-title-line{display:block}.research-page .page-intro h1{max-width:800px;font-size:52px}.page-description{max-width:690px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin-bottom:0;font-size:18px;line-height:1.65}.large-text-link{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);font-family:var(--font-display);justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:24px;padding:42px 0;font-size:25px;display:flex}.large-text-link:hover{color:var(--interactive)}.notes-section{padding:34px 0 110px}.notes-list{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.note-entry{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:140px minmax(0,1fr) 42px;gap:36px;padding:44px 0 48px;scroll-margin-top:92px;display:grid}.note-entry time,.note-index{color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:10px}.note-entry h2{margin-bottom:13px;font-size:30px}.note-entry p{max-width:670px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin-bottom:0;font-size:15px}.note-index{text-align:right}.notes-empty{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:54px 0 72px}.notes-empty p{max-width:620px;color:var(--ink-soft);font-family:var(--font-display);margin:0;font-size:25px;line-height:1.45}.about-section{padding:84px 0 98px}.about-grid{grid-template-columns:300px minmax(0,650px);align-items:start;gap:80px;display:grid}.about-portrait{margin:0}.about-portrait img{aspect-ratio:4/5;border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--surface);object-fit:cover;border-radius:4px;width:100%}.about-copy p{font-family:var(--font-display);margin-bottom:25px;font-size:23px;line-height:1.55}.about-copy .primary-link{font-family:var(--font-body);margin-top:16px;font-size:13px}.cv-section{border-top:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--surface);padding:90px 0 110px;scroll-margin-top:72px}.cv-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:76px 70px;display:grid}.cv-column h2{margin-bottom:28px;font-size:28px}.cv-entry{border-top:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:88px minmax(0,1fr);gap:22px;padding:20px 0;display:grid}.cv-entry>span{color:var(--ink);font-size:10px}.cv-entry h3{font-family:var(--font-body);margin-bottom:5px;font-size:15px;font-weight:500}.cv-entry p{color:var(--ink-soft);margin-bottom:0;font-size:13px}.about-socials{border-top:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.about-socials a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--ink-soft);font-family:var(--font-mono);padding:16px 0;font-size:11px}.about-socials a:hover{color:var(--interactive)}.site-footer{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:40px 0}.footer-inner{width:min(100% - (var(--page-padding) * 2), var(--page-width));grid-template-columns:1fr auto 38px;align-items:center;gap:42px;margin-inline:auto;display:grid}.footer-name{font-family:var(--font-display);margin-bottom:3px;font-size:18px}.footer-note{color:var(--ink-soft);margin-bottom:0;font-size:10px}.footer-links{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:22px;display:flex}.footer-links a{color:var(--ink-soft);font-family:var(--font-mono);font-size:10px}.footer-links a:hover{color:var(--interactive)}.not-found{align-items:center;min-height:calc(100svh - 220px);padding:80px 0;display:flex}.not-found h1{max-width:720px;margin-bottom:36px;font-size:56px}.motion-ready .reveal{opacity:0;filter:blur(7px);transform:translateY(14px)}.motion-ready .reveal.is-visible{opacity:1;filter:blur();transition:opacity .46s ease var(--reveal-delay,0s), transform .52s cubic-bezier(.2, .75, .25, 1) var(--reveal-delay,0s), filter .52s ease var(--reveal-delay,0s);transform:translateY(0)}::view-transition-old(root),::view-transition-new(root){animation-duration:.22s;animation-timing-function:ease}@media (width<=980px){:root{--page-padding:26px}.about-grid{grid-template-columns:260px minmax(0,1fr);gap:52px}}@media (width<=760px){:root{--page-padding:20px}.header-inner{height:45px}.desktop-nav,.desktop-cv{display:none}.mobile-menu{display:block}.home-profile-inner{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:10px;padding-top:76px}.home-profile-portrait{width:100%;max-width:360px}.home-publication-row{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:16px}.home-selected-section{padding-top:64px;padding-bottom:80px}.home-selected-list{gap:42px;margin-top:26px}.publications-page-section{padding:72px 0 82px}.section-header{margin-bottom:30px}.section-header h2{font-size:27px}.publications-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;row-gap:58px}.page-intro{padding:72px 0 58px}.page-intro h1{font-size:43px}.research-page .page-intro h1{font-size:32px}.page-description{font-size:16px}.note-entry{grid-template-columns:94px minmax(0,1fr) 28px;gap:18px}.note-entry h2{font-size:26px}.about-section{padding:64px 0 76px}.about-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:40px}.about-portrait{width:200px}.about-copy p{font-size:21px}.cv-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;row-gap:58px}.footer-inner{grid-template-columns:1fr 38px;gap:28px}.footer-links{grid-area:2/1/auto/-1}}@media (width<=480px){.header-actions{gap:8px}.section-header{align-items:flex-end}.section-heading-group{gap:12px}.section-header .text-link{text-align:right;max-width:90px}.note-entry{grid-template-columns:1fr 26px}.note-entry time{grid-column:1/-1}.note-entry>div{grid-column:1}.note-index{grid-area:2/2}.not-found h1{font-size:42px}}@media (width<=360px){.research-page .page-intro h1{font-size:26px}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*,:before,:after{scroll-behavior:auto!important;transition-duration:.01ms!important;animation-duration:.01ms!important;animation-iteration-count:1!important}.motion-ready .reveal{opacity:1;filter:none;transform:none}::view-transition-group(*),::view-transition-old(*),::view-transition-new(*){animation:none!important}}